Natalie Boyle
Zoha Rashid
9/10/14
Zoha Rashid
9/10/14
PEriodic trends in reactivity
Purpose
To explore the reactivity trends of metals in groups and periods of the periodic table.
Pre Lab Questions
1. The groups of the periodic table are the vertical columns. The periods of the perodic table are the horizontal rows. The groups of the periodic table that share a lot of similarities are families.
2. Generally, the metals are located to thte left of the metalloid boundary.
3. The alkili metals are the first group and the alkiline earth metals are the second group.
4. Gallium is in the 3rd group and 3rd period of the periodic table.
Procedure Part I: Trends in properties within groups
1. Aquire a test tube rack
2. Aquire 2 clean test tubes
3. Label your test tubes
4. Fill a beaker with tap water and collect a disposable pipette
5. Bring test tubes to Charlene to get sample of magnesium and calcium.
6. Use the pipette to cover the sample with water.
7. Observe reaction carefully and enter data in data table
8. Dump magnesium sample into hand over sink, rinse sample and place in corrisponding labeled beaker.
To explore the reactivity trends of metals in groups and periods of the periodic table.
Pre Lab Questions
1. The groups of the periodic table are the vertical columns. The periods of the perodic table are the horizontal rows. The groups of the periodic table that share a lot of similarities are families.
2. Generally, the metals are located to thte left of the metalloid boundary.
3. The alkili metals are the first group and the alkiline earth metals are the second group.
4. Gallium is in the 3rd group and 3rd period of the periodic table.
Procedure Part I: Trends in properties within groups
1. Aquire a test tube rack
2. Aquire 2 clean test tubes
3. Label your test tubes
4. Fill a beaker with tap water and collect a disposable pipette
5. Bring test tubes to Charlene to get sample of magnesium and calcium.
6. Use the pipette to cover the sample with water.
7. Observe reaction carefully and enter data in data table
8. Dump magnesium sample into hand over sink, rinse sample and place in corrisponding labeled beaker.
Metals
Magnesium Calcium |
Observations: reaction in water
does not react, nothing happens creates milky white liquid |
Part 2: Activity series of some metals in HCL
1. Aquire 1 more clean test tube
2. Label test tubes
3. One person in the group aquire acid from Charlene, bottle may be warm, carry away from face
4. Reuse previous magenesium sample and aquire sample of zinc and tin from Charlene
5. Cover sample with dilute HCL, be careful.
6. Observe reaction and fill in data table
7. Bring samples to fume hood and pour 1 by 1 into labeled waste bottle.
1. Aquire 1 more clean test tube
2. Label test tubes
3. One person in the group aquire acid from Charlene, bottle may be warm, carry away from face
4. Reuse previous magenesium sample and aquire sample of zinc and tin from Charlene
5. Cover sample with dilute HCL, be careful.
6. Observe reaction and fill in data table
7. Bring samples to fume hood and pour 1 by 1 into labeled waste bottle.
Metal
magnesium zinc tin |
Observation: Reaction in HCL
Before: silver thin strip During: bubbled, steamed, fizzed, MG dissolved, stopped fizzing and bubbling
Before: hard grey nugget During: bubbly, a lot of smoke, white foam, continued fizzing, hot test tube, small pieces floating Before: malleable silver nugget After: nothing |
Post Lab Questions
1. Magnesium is less reactive than calcium in water and is higher up on the periodic table similar to the relationship between lithium, sodium, and potassium. Lithium is the highest on the periodic table out of those three.
2. The four metals listed from most reactive to least reactive:
zinc, magnesium, calcium, tin
When mixed with HCL zinc and magnesium steemed, bubbled, and smoked. However, zinc fizzed longer and became warm. Tin didn't do anything at all. When mixed with water, calcium changed from a powder to a lquid.
3. If you look at the data and the periodic table it seems that the reactivity increases as you go to the right of the table.
4. Estimate of silicon: 3.14.
5. One trend I learned about was reactivity was in the metals group, as you go down the reactivity increases because the atom has more electrons to give making a bigger reaction.
Conclusion
This activity helped us discover the trends in reactivity in the periodic table.
Analysis Questions
1. As you move down the metals group the reactivity increases and in non metals it decreases.
2. As you move towards the left in the metal period the reactivity decreases and for non metals it increases as you move across.
3. Most to least reactive: Na, Cs, Fr
Ga, Fr, Rb
4. I think francium or cesium would be the most reactive metal. It is the metal that is the most left and the furthest down and according to the trends we found in our experiment that should be the spot for the most reactive metal. I don't think there would be much of it found in nature because if it reacts with water, all of it would've been changed already.
5. Yes, on my results zinc was most reactive and then came magnesium, calcuim, and tin, in that order.
1. Magnesium is less reactive than calcium in water and is higher up on the periodic table similar to the relationship between lithium, sodium, and potassium. Lithium is the highest on the periodic table out of those three.
2. The four metals listed from most reactive to least reactive:
zinc, magnesium, calcium, tin
When mixed with HCL zinc and magnesium steemed, bubbled, and smoked. However, zinc fizzed longer and became warm. Tin didn't do anything at all. When mixed with water, calcium changed from a powder to a lquid.
3. If you look at the data and the periodic table it seems that the reactivity increases as you go to the right of the table.
4. Estimate of silicon: 3.14.
5. One trend I learned about was reactivity was in the metals group, as you go down the reactivity increases because the atom has more electrons to give making a bigger reaction.
Conclusion
This activity helped us discover the trends in reactivity in the periodic table.
Analysis Questions
1. As you move down the metals group the reactivity increases and in non metals it decreases.
2. As you move towards the left in the metal period the reactivity decreases and for non metals it increases as you move across.
3. Most to least reactive: Na, Cs, Fr
Ga, Fr, Rb
4. I think francium or cesium would be the most reactive metal. It is the metal that is the most left and the furthest down and according to the trends we found in our experiment that should be the spot for the most reactive metal. I don't think there would be much of it found in nature because if it reacts with water, all of it would've been changed already.
5. Yes, on my results zinc was most reactive and then came magnesium, calcuim, and tin, in that order.